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Psychrosinus fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a lactate-fermenting bacterium from near-freezing oxycline waters of a meromictic Antarctic lake.

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Jul 30;

Authors: Sattley WM, Jung DO, Madigan MT

A novel, obligately anaerobic, fermentative bacterium, strain FCF9, was isolated from a 9-m water sample from permanently ice-covered, meromictic Lake Fryxell, Antarctica. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence identity clustered the Antarctic isolate within the Sporomusa-Pectinatus-Selenomonas phyletic group, where it was most closely related to Pelosinus fermentans (95.5% sequence identity). However, unlike species of Pelosinus, strain FCF9 was psychrophilic, with growth occurring optimally near 15 degrees C, and endospores were not produced. The metabolism of the new organism was strictly fermentative. The substrates fermented by strain FCF9 included only lactate and a few related organic acids. The major products from lactate fermentation were acetate and propionate. On the basis of phylogenetic, morphological, and physiological criteria, strain FCF9(T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel genus and species of psychrophilic-fermenting bacteria, Psychrosinus fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov.

PMID: 18673392 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Prevotella histicola sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1788-91

Authors: Downes J, Hooper SJ, Wilson MJ, Wade WG

Three strains of anaerobic, variably pigmenting, Gram-negative bacilli isolated from human oral mucosal tissue were subjected to a comprehensive range of phenotypic and genotypic tests and were found to comprise a homogeneous group. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that the strains constituted a novel group within the genus Prevotella, being most closely related to Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella veroralis. A novel species, Prevotella histicola sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate these strains. Prevotella histicola is saccharolytic and produces acetic acid and succinic acid as major end products of fermentation and trace to minor amounts of isovaleric acid and lactic acid. The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain is 43 mol%. The type strain of Prevotella histicola is T05-04(T) (=DSM 19854(T)=CCUG 55407(T)).

PMID: 18676457 [PubMed - in process]

Rhodobacter megalophilus sp. nov., a phototroph from the Indian Himalayas possessing a wide temperature range for growth.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1792-6

Authors: Arunasri K, Venkata Ramana V, Spröer C, Sasikala Ch, Ramana ChV

Two strains of phototrophic, purple non-sulfur bacteria capable of growing at low temperatures (5 degrees C) were isolated from the Himalayas. The two strains showed positive phototaxis and grew over a relatively wide temperature range (5-40 degrees C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA194(T) clustered with members of the genus Rhodobacter. Strain JA194(T) showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Rhodobacter sphaeroides DSM 158(T) (99 %). However, DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between Rba. sphaeroides DSM 158(T) and strain JA194(T) revealed a level of relatedness of only 67 %. The DNA base composition of strain JA194(T) was 66.67 mol% G+C (by HPLC). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, morphological, physiological, Fourier transform infrared fingerprinting and DNA-DNA hybridization studies, strain JA194(T) (=KCTC 5602(T) =JCM 14598(T)) is sufficiently different from other Rhodobacter species to merit its description as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Rhodobacter megalophilus sp. nov. is proposed.

PMID: 18676458 [PubMed - in process]

Rubellimicrobium mesophilum sp. nov., a mesophilic, pigmented bacterium isolated from soil.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1797-800

Authors: Dastager SG, Lee JC, Ju YJ, Park DJ, Kim CJ

A pink- to light-reddish-pigmented, aerobic, pointed, budding, mesophilic strain designated MSL-20(T) was isolated from soil from Bigeum island, Korea. The isolate was Gram-negative. Cells were motile rods without flagella. The temperature and pH for growth were 20-37 degrees C (optimum 28 degrees C) and pH 7.0-11.0 (optimum pH 7.0+/-0.2). Q-10 was the predominant respiratory ubiquinone. The major fatty acids were C(16 : 0) (37 %), C(18 : 1)omega7c (36 %) and 11-methyl C(18 : 1)omega7c (12 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that Rubellimicrobium thermophilum DSM 16684(T) was its closest neighbour (95.2 % similarity); the isolate had less than 97.0 % similarity to all species with validly published names. Chemotaxonomic data were determined for this isolate, including peptidoglycan type, diagnostic sugar composition, fatty acid profiles, ubiquinones and polar lipids; the results supported the affiliation of strain MSL-20(T) to the genus Rubellimicrobium. The DNA G+C content was 72.3 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain MSL-20(T) represents a novel species of the genus Rubellimicrobium, for which the name Rubellimicrobium mesophilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSL-20(T) (=KCTC 22012(T) =DSM 19309(T)).

PMID: 18676459 [PubMed - in process]

Sphingobium rhizovicinum sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Fortunella hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1801-6

Authors: Young CC, Arun AB, Kämpfer P, Busse HJ, Lai WA, Chen WM, Shen FT, Rekha PD

The taxonomic status of a pale-yellow-coloured bacterial isolate from rhizosphere soil of Fortunella hindsii (Champ. ex Benth.) Swingle was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate constituted a distinct branch within the genus Sphingobium. The generic assignment was confirmed by chemotaxonomic data, which revealed the presence of a fatty acid profile that was characteristic for the genus Sphingobium, consisting of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated as well as 2-OH fatty acids and the lack of 3-OH fatty acids, ubiquinone with ten isoprene units (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory quinone, and a polar lipid pattern that consisted of the predominant compounds phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, sphingoglycolipid and an unknown glycolipid. Spermidine was the major polyamine component. The genotypic and phenotypic data (physiology and fatty acid and polar lipid profiles) showed that the isolate merits classification as representing a novel species of the genus Sphingobium, for which the name Sphingobium rhizovicinum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-FH12-1(T) (=CCM 7941(T)=BCRC 17770(T)).

PMID: 18676460 [PubMed - in process]

Spongiispira norvegica gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from the boreal sponge Isops phlegraei.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1815-20

Authors: Kaesler I, Graeber I, Borchert MS, Pape T, Dieckmann R, von Döhren H, Nielsen P, Lurz R, Michaelis W, Szewzyk U

The bacterial strain Gp_4_7.1(T), isolated from the marine sponge Isops phlegraei collected at the Sula Ridge off the Norwegian coast, was characterized. The isolate was a motile spirillum that was monopolarly and monotrichously flagellated. It was aerobic, Gram-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. Optimal growth occurred between 20 and 30 degrees C, at pH 7-8 and with a salt concentration of 2-3 % (w/v). The isolate showed a relatively restricted nutritional profile. Substrate utilization tests were only positive for arabinose. Enzyme tests were positive for esterase lipase C8, lipase C14, leucine arylamidase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase. The strain was not able to reduce nitrate. The major cellular fatty acids were C(16 : 1)omega7 and C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 62.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison classified the strain as a member of the order Oceanospirillales in the class Gammaproteobacteria. Strain Gp_4_7.1(T) formed a distinct phyletic line with less than 94 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relatives with validly published names. Based on the determined data, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species in a new genus, Spongiispira norvegica gen. nov., sp. nov.; the type strain of Spongiispira norvegica is Gp_4_7.1(T) (=DSM 17749(T) =NCIMB 14401(T)).

PMID: 18676462 [PubMed - in process]

Thermobifida halotolerans sp. nov., isolated from a salt mine sample, and emended description of the genus Thermobifida.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1821-5

Authors: Yang LL, Tang SK, Zhang YQ, Zhi XY, Wang D, Xu LH, Li WJ

The actinomycete strain YIM 90462(T) was isolated from a salt mine sample collected from Yunnan province, south-west China. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the isolate, which had sequence similarities of more than 97 % to Thermobifida alba, Thermobifida fusca and Thermobifida cellulosilytica, was a candidate member of the genus Thermobifida. Subsequently, a polyphasic approach was used to clarify the taxonomic position of strain YIM 90462(T). Its diagnostic diamino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid and whole-cell sugars contained galactose, xylose and glucose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H(6)) and MK-10(H(8)). The major fatty acids were iso-C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0). Results of DNA-DNA hybridizations and physiological and biochemical tests enabled genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain YIM 90462(T) from the three Thermobifida species with validly published names. Consequently, it is proposed that strain YIM 90462(T) should be recognized as a representative of a novel species of Thermobifida, Thermobifida halotolerans sp. nov. The type strain is YIM 90462(T) (=KCTC 19123(T) =DSM 44931(T)). In addition, an emended description of the genus Thermobifida is presented.

PMID: 18676463 [PubMed - in process]

Lentibacillus salis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1838-43

Authors: Lee JC, Li WJ, Xu LH, Jiang CL, Kim CJ

A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BH113(T), was isolated from a salt lake located in Xinjiang Province, China. Cells of the strain were aerobic, spore-forming, motile rods with flagella. The organism grew optimally at 37 degrees C and pH 8.0 in the presence of 10 % (w/v) NaCl. A phylogenetic analysis based on comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate formed a clade with the type strains of the genus Lentibacillus. The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain BH113(T) and Lentibacillus lacisalsi KCTC 3915(T), Lentibacillus juripiscarius JCM 12147(T) and Lentibacillus kapialis JCM 12580(T) were 96.7, 96.3 and 96.1 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.2 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The peptidoglycan type was A1gamma (meso-diaminopimelic acid) and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0). Therefore, on the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain BH113(T) represents a novel species within the genus Lentibacillus, for which the name Lentibacillus salis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH113(T) (=KCTC 3936(T) =DSM 16817(T)).

PMID: 18676465 [PubMed - in process]

Lactococcus chungangensis sp. nov., a lactic acid bacterium isolated from activated sludge foam.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1844-9

Authors: Cho SL, Nam SW, Yoon JH, Lee JS, Sukhoom A, Kim W

The taxonomic position of a Gram-positive coccus, designated strain CAU 28(T), isolated from activated sludge foam was determined by using a polyphasic approach. Based on its cellular morphology and the results of biochemical tests, strain CAU 28(T) was identified tentatively as a member of the genus Lactococcus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that levels of similarity between strain CAU 28(T) and the type strains of recognized Lactococcus species ranged from 90.4 to 97.2 %. DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed that strain CAU 28(T) displayed less than 26.1 % relatedness to the type strains of recognized Lactococcus species. The rep-PCR fingerprints revealed that strain CAU 28(T) was well separated from reference Lactococcus species. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data indicate that strain CAU 28(T) represents a novel species of the genus Lactococcus, for which the name Lactococcus chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 28(T) (=KCTC 13185(T) =CCUG 55099(T)).

PMID: 18676466 [PubMed - in process]

Saccharibacillus sacchari gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from sugar cane.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1850-4

Authors: Rivas R, García-Fraile P, Zurdo-Piñeiro JL, Mateos PF, Martínez-Molina E, Bedmar EJ, Sánchez-Raya J, Velázquez E

A bacterial strain designated GR21(T) was isolated from apoplastic fluid of Saccharum officinarum (sugar cane). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate forms a separate branch within the family 'Paenibacillaceae', with Paenibacillus as the closest related genus. Within this genus, the closest related species is Paenibacillus xylanilyticus, with 93.4 % similarity to the sequence of the type strain. The isolate has Gram-variable, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped cells, motile by polar and subpolar flagella. Round, non-ornamented, central or subterminal spores are formed in unswollen sporangia. The strain is catalase-positive and oxidase-negative on nutrient agar medium. Cellulose and aesculin were hydrolysed, whereas xylan, starch and gelatin were not. Growth was supported by many carbohydrates as carbon sources. Strain GR21(T) displayed a lipid profile consisting of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminophospholipid, two unknown glycolipids and an unknown phosphoglycolipid. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone and anteiso-C(15 : 0) was the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 57.8 mol%. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses, including assimilation of carbon sources and exoenzyme production commonly used for classification within the family 'Paenibacillaceae', showed that strain GR21(T) belongs to a new genus within this family, for which the name Saccharibacillus sacchari gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Saccharibacillus sacchari is GR21(T) (=LMG 24085(T) =DSM 19268(T)).

PMID: 18676467 [PubMed - in process]

Cohnella phaseoli sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Phaseolus coccineus in Spain, and emended description of the genus Cohnella.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1855-9

Authors: García-Fraile P, Velázquez E, Mateos PF, Martínez-Molina E, Rivas R

A bacterial strain designated GSPC1(T) was isolated from root nodules of Phaseolus coccineus in Segovia (Spain). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain showed 95.9 and 94.7 % sequence similarity, respectively, with those of the type strains of Cohnella hongkongensis and Cohnella thermotolerans. Strain GSPC1(T) presented phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular differences with respect to Cohnella species which indicated that it belonged to a different species. The isolate was a Gram-positive, aerobic, sporulated rod, motile by means of peritrichous flagella. The strain was catalase-positive and showed weak oxidase activity. It grew in the presence of 2 % NaCl. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone. anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0) and C(16 : 0) were the major fatty acids. Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The G+C content was 60.3 mol%. The results of this study suggest that isolate GSPC1(T) should be classified within a novel Cohnella species, for which the name Cohnella phaseoli sp. nov. is proposed, with strain GSPC1(T) (=LMG 24086(T) =DSM 19269(T)) as the type strain.

PMID: 18676468 [PubMed - in process]

Aeromicrobium flavum sp. nov., isolated from air.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1860-3

Authors: Tang Y, Zhou G, Zhang L, Mao J, Luo X, Wang M, Fang C

A Gram-positive, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic actinobacterium, designated TYLN1(T), was isolated from an air sample from the campus of Wuhan University, China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain TYLN1(T) grew optimally at pH 7.0 and 30 degrees C. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities revealed that the organism belongs to the genus Aeromicrobium. The G+C content of the strain was 73.3 mol%. The cell-wall diamino acid was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid, the predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H(4)) and MK-8(H(4)) and the predominant fatty acid was C(18 : 1)omega9c (68.38 %). These chemotaxonomic data also support the affiliation of strain TYLN1(T) to the genus Aeromicrobium. The values for DNA-DNA hybridization between strain TYLN1(T) and the phylogenetically closest relatives Aeromicrobium tamlense DSM 19087(T) and Aeromicrobium panaciterrae DSM 17939(T) were respectively 35 and 11.5 %. On the basis of the data from this study, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Aeromicrobium flavum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TYLN1(T) (=CCTCC AB 206046(T) =DSM 19355(T)).

PMID: 18676469 [PubMed - in process]

Nocardioides fonticola sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from spring water.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1864-8

Authors: Chou JH, Cho NT, Arun AB, Young CC, Chen WM

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented actinomycete, designated strain NAA-13(T), was isolated from a freshwater spring located in Kaoshiung, southern Taiwan. This strain was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The organism had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in the genus Nocardioides. The strain contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the principal diamino acid of the peptidoglycan, MK-8(H(4)) as the major menaquinone, and iso-C(16 : 0) and C(17 : 0) as the predominant fatty acids. 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the strain formed a monophyletic branch at the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Nocardioides; its closest neighbours were Nocardioides insulae DS-51(T) (94.9 % similarity), Nocardioides pyridinolyticus KCTC 0074BP(T) (96.5 % similarity) and Nocardioides aquiterrae GW-9(T) (96.6 % similarity). The DNA G+C content of strain NAA-13(T) was 71.8 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain NAA-13(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides fonticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NAA-13(T) (=LMG 24213(T)=BCRC 16874(T)).

PMID: 18676470 [PubMed - in process]

Frigoribacterium mesophilum sp. nov., a mesophilic actinobacterium isolated from Bigeum Island, Korea.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1869-72

Authors: Dastager SG, Lee JC, Ju YJ, Park DJ, Kim CJ

A taxonomic study was performed on strain MSL-08(T), which was isolated from a soil sample collected from Bigeum Island. The novel isolate was aerobic and Gram-positive. Cells were short and motile rods. Growth temperature ranged from 20 to 28 degrees C and the pH for growth ranged from 6.5 to 12.0. The optimum growth temperature and pH were 28 degrees C and 7.3, respectively. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9. Cell wall analysis showed B-type peptidoglycan containing 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, alanine, glycine, glutamate and lysine. The diagnostic phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The major fatty acids were ai-C(15 : 0), i-C(16 : 0), C(18 : 1)omega7c and ai-C(17 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 67.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain MSL-08(T) had less than 97 % similarity to any recognized species of the genus Frigoribacterium. Frigoribacterium faeni DSM 10309(T) was found to be the closest neighbour (96.95 %) to the novel strain. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain MSL-08(T) represents a novel member of the genus Frigoribacterium for which the name Frigoribacterium mesophilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSL-08(T) (=DSM 19442(T)=KCTC 19311(T)).

PMID: 18676471 [PubMed - in process]

Microlunatus aurantiacus sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1873-7

Authors: Wang YX, Cai M, Zhi XY, Zhang YQ, Tang SK, Xu LH, Cui XL, Li WJ

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, mesophilic strain, designated YIM 45721(T), was isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample in Yunnan Province, China. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis, strain YIM 45721(T) was assigned to the genus Microlunatus and was most closely related to the type strain of Microlunatus phosphovorus (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Chemotaxonomic data, including cell-wall peptidoglycan structure, menaquinones and fatty acid profile, supported affiliation of strain YIM 45721(T) to the genus Microlunatus. Results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests enabled strain YIM 45721(T) to be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from M. phosphovorus. Therefore, strain YIM 45721(T) represents a novel species of the genus Microlunatus, for which the name Microlunatus aurantiacus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 45721(T) (=CCTCC AB 206067(T)=DSM 18424(T)).

PMID: 18676472 [PubMed - in process]

Cellulomonas chitinilytica sp. nov., a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from cattle-farm compost.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1878-84

Authors: Yoon MH, Ten LN, Im WT, Lee ST

A bacterial strain, designated X.bu-b(T), with chitin-, xylan-, cellulose- and starch-degrading activities, was isolated from compost at a cattle farm near Daejeon, Republic of Korea. The strain comprised Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria. On the basis of an analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the phylogenetic position of X.bu-b(T) was within the genus Cellulomonas, and the strain exhibited relatively high sequence similarities with respect to Cellulomonas biazotea DSM 20112(T) (98.1 %), C. cellasea DSM 20118(T) (98.1 %), C. fimi DSM 20113(T) (98.0 %), C. terrae DB5(T) (97.9 %), C. humilata ATCC 25174(T) (97.7 %), C. xylanilytica XIL11(T) (97.5 %), C. uda DSM 20107(T) (97.4 %), C. gelida DSM 20111(T) (97.3 %), C. iranensis O(T) (97.3 %) and C. flavigena DSM 20109(T) (97.0 %). The phylogenetic distance from other Cellulomonas species with validly published names was greater than 3 % (i.e. less than 97.0 % sequence similarity). Chemotaxonomic data also supported the classification of strain X.bu-b(T) within the genus Cellulomonas: l-ornithine was the cell-wall diamino acid, anteiso-C(15 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) were the major fatty acids, rhamnose, galactose, xylose and ribose were the cell-wall sugars, MK-9(H(4)) was the predominant menaquinone and diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol were present in the polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 73.6 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that the values for DNA-DNA relatedness between strain X.bu-b(T) and the phylogenetically closest neighbours were below 23 %. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain X.bu-b(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas, for which the name Cellulomonas chitinilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X.bu-b(T) (=KCTC 19133(T) =DSM 17922(T)).

PMID: 18676473 [PubMed - in process]

Thiofaba tepidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium of the Gammaproteobacteria isolated from a hot spring.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1885-91

Authors: Mori K, Suzuki K

A novel obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium designated strain BDA453(T) was isolated from a hot spring in Fukushima prefecture, Japan. The cells were short-rod-shaped and possessed an inclusion, a Gram-negative type cell wall and a single polar flagellum. Strain BDA453(T) grew by sulfur-oxidizing respiration with thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfide and tetrathionate as electron donors and used only carbon dioxide as a carbon source. The optimum growth conditions were 45 degrees C, pH 6.5 and the absence of NaCl. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the isolate was a member of the Gammaproteobacteria and related to the genera Halothiobacillus and Thiovirga in the family Halothiobacillaceae. However, the phylogenetic tree constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BDA453(T) was distant from any other known bacteria with sequence similarities of less than 90 %. On the basis of phenotypic features and phylogenetic analysis, strain BDA453(T) is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Halothiobacillaceae, for which the name Thiofaba tepidiphila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Thiofaba tepidiphila is BDA453(T) (=NBRC 103218(T)=DSM 19618(T)).

PMID: 18676474 [PubMed - in process]

Tamlana agarivorans sp. nov., isolated from seawater off Jeju Island in Korea.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1892-5

Authors: Yoon JH, Kang SJ, Lee MH, Oh TK

A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, agarolytic bacterial strain, designated JW-26(T), was isolated from seawater off Jeju Island in Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Strain JW-26(T) grew optimally at pH 7.0-8.0, at 30 degrees C and in the presence of approximately 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JW-26(T) joins Tamlana crocina HST1-43(T), with which it exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 95.5 %. Strain JW-26(T) contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C(15 : 0), C(15 : 0) and iso-C(15 : 1) as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 36.8 mol%. There were no distinct phenotypic and, particularly, chemotaxonomic properties to differentiate strain JW-26(T) from the genus Tamlana. DNA-DNA relatedness data and differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain JW-26(T) is distinguishable from the type strain of T. crocina. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, therefore, strain JW-26(T) represents a novel species within the genus Tamlana, for which the name Tamlana agarivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JW-26(T) (=KCTC 22176(T) =CCUG 55327(T)).

PMID: 18676475 [PubMed - in process]

Reclassification of Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus hansenii, Ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus productus and Ruminococcus schinkii as Blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., Blautia hansenii comb. nov., Blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., Blautia luti comb. nov., Blautia producta comb. nov., Blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of Blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1896-902

Authors: Liu C, Finegold SM, Song Y, Lawson PA

Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on 15 isolates of an unidentified Gram-positive, anaerobic, non-sporulating coccobacillus-shaped bacterium isolated from human faeces. The novel organisms were catalase-negative, indole-negative and produced acetate and succinate as end products of metabolism. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated that the 15 isolates were highly related to each other and formed a hitherto unknown subline within the clostridial rRNA cluster XIVa. The novel isolates formed a robust phylogenetic group with a number of organisms which included Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus obeum and a number of other misclassified ruminococci. On the basis of these studies, a novel genus, Blautia gen. nov., is proposed. It is suggested that Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus hansenii, Ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus productus, and Ruminococcus schinkii are transferred to this genus as Blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., Blautia hansenii comb. nov., Blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., Blautia luti comb. nov., Blautia producta comb. nov. and Blautia schinkii comb. nov. One of the new isolates, the hitherto unknown coccus-shaped bacterial strain WAL 14507(T) (=ATCC BAA-1564(T)=DSM 19850(T)) is proposed as representing the type strain of a novel species, Blautia wexlerae sp. nov.

PMID: 18676476 [PubMed - in process]

Vibrio areninigrae sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from black sand.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1903-6

Authors: Chang HW, Roh SW, Kim KH, Nam YD, Jeon CO, Oh HM, Bae JW

A Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile, slightly curved rod-shaped bacterial strain was isolated from black sand collected from Soesoggak, Jeju island, Korea. The strain, designated J74(T), was able to grow in the presence of 1-7.5 % NaCl, at temperatures of 4-45 degrees C and at pH 5-10. Strain J74(T) was oxidase- and catalase-positive, arginine dihydrolase-negative and sensitive to the vibriostatic agent O/129. Strain J74(T) was characterized based on physiology, morphology, biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolate required sodium ions for growth and utilized a wide range of compounds as sole sources of carbon and energy. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain J74(T) belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria. It was found to be associated with the genus Vibrio and was phylogenetically related most closely to the type strain of Vibrio hispanicus (98.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). However, DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between strain J74(T) and V. hispanicus KCTC 12827(T) revealed a level of relatedness of 37.7 %. Thus, phenotypic and phylogenetic data suggested that J74(T) should be placed in the genus Vibrio as representing a novel species, for which the name Vibrio areninigrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is J74(T) (=KCTC 22122(T) =JCM 14949(T)).

PMID: 18676477 [PubMed - in process]

Shewanella basaltis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from black sand.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1907-10

Authors: Chang HW, Roh SW, Kim KH, Nam YD, Jeon CO, Oh HM, Bae JW

A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from black sand collected at Soesoggak, Jeju island, Korea. The strain, designated J83(T), was able to grow in the presence of 5 % NaCl, at temperatures of 4-45 degrees C and over the pH range 5.5-9.5. The isolate reduced nitrate to nitrite and was positive for oxidase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine arylamidase. Strain J83(T) utilized malate, maltose, mannitol and glucose as sole sources of carbon. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain J83(T) belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria and is related to species of the genus Shewanella. Strain J83(T) exhibited 97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain of Shewanella hafniensis. Based on DNA-DNA hybridization, the level of relatedness between strain J83(T) and S. hafniensis NBRC 100975(T) was 39.3 %. On the basis of phenotypic, genetic and phylogenetic data, strain J83(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella basaltis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is J83(T) (=KCTC 22121(T) =JCM 14937(T)).

PMID: 18676478 [PubMed - in process]

Pseudomonas xiamenensis sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from activated sludge.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008 Aug;58(Pt 8):1911-5

Authors: Lai Q, Shao Z

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain C10-2(T), a moderately halophilic denitrifier isolated from activated sludge samples collected in China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain C10-2(T) belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, with highest sequence similarity of 98.1 and 97.7 % to 'Pseudomonas denitrificans' IAM 12023 and Pseudomonas pertucinogena JCM 11590(T), respectively. The gyrB, rpoD and rpoB gene sequence similarity between strain C10-2(T) and P. pertucinogena JCM 11590(T) was respectively 84.1, 79.0 and 88.2 %. Phylogenetic trees based on these housekeeping genes showed that strain C10-2(T) and P. pertucinogena JCM 11590(T) form a clade at the periphery of the genus Pseudomonas. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between strain C10-2(T) and P. pertucinogena JCM 11590(T) was 30-32 %. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 61.2 mol%. The combined genotypic and p